Run 1 summary

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama

Tested 2026-07-28 02:43:44 using Chrome 150.0.7871.186 (script).(runtime settings)

Test as a logged in user

Login the user with an empty browser cache, then visit Obama and Facebook

SummaryWaterfallMetricsRenderingCoachPageXrayCPU

Summary

Google Web Vitals

494 msTTFB
1.896 sLargest Contentful Paint
0.001Cumulative Layout Shift
94 msTotal Blocking Time

Loading

1.896 sFirst Paint
6.504 sFully Loaded
102 msMax Potential FID

Page weight & requests

1.1 MBTotal transfer size
3.6 MBTotal content size
65Requests

CPU

6Long tasks
2.425 sLast long task at

Visual progress

1.900 sFirst Visual Change
1.914 sSpeed Index
1.900 sVisual Complete 85%
2.434 sVisual Complete 99%
2.434 sLast Visual Change
Screenshot
Run 1 · after page complete

Waterfall

First paintFCPLCPDOMContentLoadedDOM interactiveLoadRender-blockingRedirectError

Rendering

Run 1
0.000 s
0s1s2s

The red band on the timeline marks when the main thread was busy with long tasks: moments when the page could not paint or respond, however the video looks.

Download video

Filmstrip

10 frames

Use --filmstrip.showAll to show all filmstrips.

Frame at 0 ms
0 ms
0 %
Frame at 800 ms
800 ms
0 %
Frame at 1.400 s
1.400 s
0 %
Frame at 1.900 s
1.900 s
96 %
Frame at 2.000 s
2.000 s
96 %
Frame at 2.100 s
2.100 s
98 %
Frame at 2.200 s
2.200 s
98 %
Frame at 2.300 s
2.300 s
98 %
Frame at 2.400 s
2.400 s
98 %
Frame at 2.500 s
2.500 s
100 %

Click a frame to seek the video to that moment. The dot marks frames where the page changed visually.

Visual instability

32.37 % of pixels ever changed · 0 % changed 5+ times
Heatmap of how often each pixel changed while the page loaded

The whole recording in one image: every pixel is tinted by how often it changed. Amber changed once, deep red changed ten or more times. The scale is fixed, so heatmaps from different runs compare directly.

Flat amber is a page that painted once and stayed put. Red speckle in the shape of the text means the same pixels repainted over and over, usually invisible rendering noise that inflates Last Visual Change and Speed Index. A solid red block is a genuinely restless area, like an ad or a carousel.

Frames

How smoothly Chrome delivered frames to the screen during the test. Dropped counts only frames Chrome flags as affecting smoothness. On mostly-static pages the longest gap includes idle time where there was simply nothing to draw.

Frames shown547
Partial2
Dropped56
Effective FPS41
Longest gap751 msat 5.084 s

Why was rendering delayed?

First paint took 1.896 s. First paint landed at 1.896 s on a 494 ms first byte; the 1 render-blocking request was done by 1.361 s and the remaining ~535 ms is style and layout work (247 ms of it measured style recalculation).

Style recalculation

measured by Chrome during this run

Style the browser had to recalculate before it could paint: many elements or a lot of time spent here points at expensive CSS on the critical rendering path. The recalculation count and the largest single one tell the two problems apart: one massive style change touching most of the page (few recalculations, the largest close to the total) needs different medicine than thousands of tiny ones (many recalculations, each tiny).

One large recalculation dominates. Restyling 15 633 elements cost 247 ms before the page painted (13 % of the time to First Contentful Paint), and a single recalculation of 15 559 elements accounts for 244 ms of it. Look for one class or inline-style change on a large container near the top of the DOM that restyles the whole subtree at once. The changes driving it are listed under Style invalidations below.

Before first & largest contentful paint (same paint, 1.896 s)

Recalculations21
Elements15633
Total time247.17 ms
Largest recalculation15559 elements · 243.64 ms

The recalculation work before first paint is 13 % of the time to First Contentful Paint.

Render blocking requests

1 request · 33.1 KB

Blocking requests delay both paints: the browser renders nothing until they arrive, so they push First Contentful Paint and everything after it, including the largest paint (LCP). Requests that block the parser inside the body stall everything after them in the document. Load JavaScript with defer or async, and keep non-critical CSS off the critical path with media attributes. Bars show when each request loaded on a clock that runs to the last paint; the gap after the bars is style and layout work.

RequestWhen it loadedTransferDownload
document
en.wikipedia.org · TTFB 494 ms
1.329 s
408.5 KB1.328 s
ext.cite.parsoid.styles + 21 more modulesblocking
css · load.php styles batch · en.wikipedia.org
617 ms
33.1 KB617 ms
0474 ms948 msFCP · LCP 1.896 s

Style invalidations

Why the browser had to recalculate style and layout: every DOM/style change invalidates some set of nodes, and the same class or attribute churning over and over is the pattern to hunt. Counts, not milliseconds: the time is in the style recalculation numbers above.

Chase what keeps changing after the page is up. 2 866 style recalculations and 4 388 layout invalidations fired after first paint, on a page the user was already looking at. The biggest driver is attribute title (458×). Start with the script under "Scripts causing invalidations" that keeps triggering it.

Style recalculations2 9072 866 after first paint
Layout invalidations31 8714 388 after first paint

Changes that keep invalidating

top 15
  • attribute: title458×
  • attribute: style251×
  • attribute: hidden142×
  • attribute: class101×
  • pseudo: has64×
  • pseudo: disabled41×
  • pseudo: enabled41×
  • class: mw-made-collapsible31×
  • attribute: disabled28×
  • class: mw-collapsed16×
  • attribute: href
  • pseudo: link
  • pseudo: visited
  • attribute: controls
  • class: phase-pre-ready

Invalidation reasons

split at first paint

After first paint

Invalidations on a page the user was already looking at, the actionable half.

ReasonStyle recalculationsLayout
A stylesheet rule changed1 618
Related style rule714
A node was inserted into the page305
An animation updated stylesAnimate transform and opacity so the compositor can run it off the main thread.86
A :has() selector was re-evaluated:has() re-checks a whole subtree on any change inside it. Scope it tightly, or toggle a class in JavaScript instead.78
JavaScript changed an inline styleSet a class instead of writing element.style, so the browser can batch the work.40
Attribute19
An @keyframes rule changed6
An element entered layout1 250
An element left layout2 539
List value change460
A style change forced layout69
An element's size changed19
Counter style change19
Unknown15
An SVG element changed10
Slider value changed5
Scrollbar changed2

Before first paint: building the page

The page being constructed and styled for the first render. Expected work, shown for scale.

ReasonStyle recalculationsLayout
A stylesheet rule changed1
A node was inserted into the page40
An element entered layout27 457
An element left layout1
A style change forced layout1
An element's size changed17
Unknown1
An SVG element changed4
Scrollbar changed2

Scripts causing invalidations

top 7

9 animations run on the main thread instead of on the browser's fast path that animates without blocking other page work (the compositor); they can make the rendering you see above janky. See them on the CPU tab.

Coach

The coach helps you find performance problems on your web page using web performance best practice rules. And gives you advice on privacy and best practices. Tested using Coach-core version 9.2.1.

Performance advice

83
1 error6 warnings3 info
warn(0)Avoid CPU Long TaskslongTasks

The page has 6 CPU long tasks with the total of 813 ms. The total blocking time is 94 ms and 1 long task before first contentful paint with total time of 469 ms. However the CPU Long Task is depending on the computer/phones actual CPU speed, so you should measure this on the same type of the device that your user is using. Use Geckoprofiler for Firefox or Chromes tracelog to debug your long tasks.

Long CPU tasks locks the thread. To the user this is commonly visible as a "locked up" page where the browser is unable to respond to user input; this is a major source of bad user experience on the web today. However the CPU Long Task is depending on the computer/phones actual CPU speed, so you should measure this on the same type of the device that your user is using. To debug you should use the Chrome timeline log and drag/drop it into devtools or use Firefox Geckoprofiler.

Offenders
  • self
  • self
  • self
  • unknown
  • self
  • unknown
warn(0)Serve images in modern formats (AVIF, WebP)modernImageFormats

The page ships 57 images (out of 57) in JPEG/PNG/GIF without a modern alternative. Wrap them in a <picture> with a <source type="image/avif"> or "image/webp" before the legacy <img>, or serve modern formats from your image pipeline directly. AVIF and WebP usually deliver 25–50% smaller files at the same quality.

AVIF and WebP routinely deliver 25–50% smaller files than JPEG and PNG at the same perceived quality, and every browser version still under support understands at least one of them. Ship modern formats either through a <picture> element with <source type="image/avif"> / "image/webp" entries in front of the legacy <img>, or directly from a content-negotiating image pipeline that returns AVIF / WebP when the client accepts it. https://web.dev/articles/serve-images-webp

Offenders
warn(0)Avoid extra requests by setting cache headerscacheHeaders

The page has 53 requests that are missing a cache time. Configure a cache time so the browser doesn't need to download them every time. It will save 574.3 kB the next access.

The easiest way to make your page fast is to avoid doing requests to the server. Setting a cache header on your server response will tell the browser that it doesn't need to download the asset again during the configured cache time! Always try to set a cache time if the content doesn't change for every request.

Offenders
warn(4)Lazy-load below-the-fold imageslazyLoadingImages

The page has 51 below-the-fold images without loading="lazy". Add loading="lazy" so the browser defers downloading and decoding them until the user scrolls them into view.

Adding loading="lazy" to an <img> tells the browser not to download or decode it until it is close to the viewport. For images that the user may never see (deep in the page, behind a tab, in a footer carousel), this saves bandwidth and main-thread time during initial render. The LCP image and any image in the initial viewport should NOT be lazy-loaded — that delays the first paint. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/img#loading

Offenders
warn(40)Don't scale images in the browseravoidScalingImages

The page has 6 images that are scaled more than 100 pixels. It would be better if those images are sent so the browser don't need to scale them.

It's easy to scale images in the browser and make sure they look good in different devices, however that is bad for performance! Scaling images in the browser takes extra CPU time and will hurt performance on mobile. And the user will download extra kilobytes (sometimes megabytes) of data that could be avoided. Don't do that, make sure you create multiple version of the same image server-side and serve the appropriate one.

Offenders
error(50)Have a fast first contentful paintfirstContentfulPaint

First contentful paint can be improved (1.896 s). It is in the Google Web Vitals needs improvement range, slower than 1.8 seconds.

The First Contentful Paint (FCP) metric measures the time from when the page starts loading to when any part of the page content is rendered on the screen. For this metric, "content" refers to text, images (including background images), <svg> elements, or non-white <canvas> elements.

infoMake each CSS response smalloptimalCssSize

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.parsoid.styles%7Cext.cite.styles%7Cext.echo.styles.alert%2Cbadge%7Cext.personalDashboard.menuIcon%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediaBadges.ulsV2%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.skinning.content.parsoid%7Cmediawiki.skins.legacy%7Coojs-ui.styles.icons-alerts%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022 size is 33.9 kB (33875) and that is bigger than the limit of 25 kB. Try to keep each CSS response under 25 kB.

Render-blocking CSS holds up the first paint until it has fully downloaded, parsed and applied, so smaller CSS files mean a faster start. Split your CSS into a small critical bundle inlined or eagerly loaded, with the rest lazy-loaded.

Offenders
URLTransferContent
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/load.php...ia.org/w/load.php33.1 KB282.2 KB
infoAdd decoding="async" to non-critical imagesdecodingAsync

The page has 5 images (out of 62) without a decoding hint. Add decoding="async" to non-critical images so the browser can decode them off the main thread.

Setting decoding="async" on an <img> tells the browser it can decode the image off the main thread, which keeps the page responsive to user interactions while images are being processed. The default ("auto") leaves the choice to the browser. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/img#decoding

Offenders
infoLong cache headers is goodcacheHeadersLong

The page has 7 requests that have a shorter cache time than one year (but still a cache time).

Setting a cache header is good. Setting a long cache header (a year) is even better because the asset will stay in the browser cache across visits. For content-hashed URLs (e.g. app.4af2.css) you can safely use Cache-Control: max-age=31536000, immutable. For unversioned URLs that may change, use a revalidating strategy instead.

Offenders
warn(95)Inline CSS for faster first renderinlineCss

The page has both inline CSS and CSS requests even though it uses a HTTP/2-ish connection. If you have many users on slow connections, it can be better to only inline the CSS. Run your own tests and check the waterfall graph to see what happens.

In the early days of the Internet, inlining CSS was one of the ugliest things you can do. That has changed if you want your page to start rendering fast for your user. Always inline the critical CSS when you use HTTP/1 and HTTP/2 (avoid doing CSS requests that block rendering) and lazy load and cache the rest of the CSS. It is a little more complicated when using HTTP/2. Does your server support HTTP push? Then maybe that can help. Do you have a lot of users on a slow connection and are serving large chunks of HTML? Then it could be better to use the inline technique, becasue some servers always prioritize HTML content over CSS so the user needs to download the HTML first, before the CSS is downloaded.

Best practice advice

79
1 warning4 info
infoMeta descriptionmetaDescription

The page is missing a meta description.

Use a page description to make the page more relevant to search engines.

infoAvoid unnecessary headersunnecessaryHeaders

There are 8 responses that sets both a max-age and expires header. There are 65 responses that sets a server header.

Do not send headers that you don't need. We look for p3p, cache-control and max-age, pragma, server and x-frame-options headers. Have a look at Andrew Betts - Headers for Hackers talk as a guide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k92ZbrY815c or read https://www.fastly.com/blog/headers-we-dont-want.

Offenders
infoGive every image a textual alternativeimageAltText

The page has 5 images without an alt attribute. Add alt="..." with a description, or alt="" if the image is purely decorative.

Every <img> needs an alt attribute. Use alt="meaningful description" for content images so assistive technologies can announce them, or alt="" (or role="presentation" / aria-hidden="true") for purely decorative images so they are skipped. A missing alt attribute leaves screen reader users with no information at all. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/img#alt

Offenders
warn(50)Set a sensible viewport meta tagviewport

The viewport meta tag does not contain width=device-width, the browser may use a desktop-width fallback.

The viewport meta tag tells the browser how to lay out the page on small screens. Without it (or without width=device-width) the page is rendered at a desktop fallback width and scaled down, which makes text unreadable on mobile. Disabling zoom (user-scalable=no, maximum-scale<=1) is also an accessibility regression. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Viewport_meta_tag

infoDo not send too long headerslongHeaders

https://en.wikipedia...wiki/Barack_Obama has a header content-security-policy that is 4166 characters long.

Do not send response headers that are too long.

Offenders

Privacy advice

80
4 warnings2 info
infoSet a Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header so cross-origin subresources opt in to being embedded.crossOriginEmbedderPolicyHeader

Set a Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header (typically require-corp or credentialless) on the document response to control cross-origin embedding.

Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy (COEP) makes the page refuse to load cross-origin subresources unless they explicitly opt in via CORP or CORS. Together with Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy it puts the page in a cross-origin isolated context, which mitigates cross-window side-channel attacks (Spectre) and unlocks high-resolution timers and SharedArrayBuffer. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy

Offenders
warn(0)Set a Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header to isolate the page from cross-origin windows.crossOriginOpenerPolicyHeader

Set a Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header (typically same-origin) on the document response to isolate the page from cross-origin windows.

Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy (COOP) lets a page sever its window-group ties to cross-origin documents that opened it or that it opens. Together with Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy it puts the page in a cross-origin isolated context, which mitigates cross-window side-channel attacks (Spectre) and unlocks high-resolution timers and SharedArrayBuffer. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy

Offenders
infoSet a Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy header to limit who may embed the page.crossOriginResourcePolicyHeader

Set a Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy header (same-origin, same-site or cross-origin) on the document response to limit who may embed it.

Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy (CORP) is a per-response opt-in that tells the browser which origins are allowed to embed the resource. It blocks cross-origin or cross-site no-cors embedding (img, script, iframe, etc.) and is one of the building blocks of cross-origin isolation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy

Offenders
warn(0)Set a Permissions-Policy header to control which browser features the page can use.permissionsPolicyHeader

Set a Permissions-Policy header to control which browser features the page can use.

The Permissions-Policy response header (the successor to Feature-Policy) lets a site explicitly opt in or out of powerful browser features such as camera, microphone, geolocation, payment and clipboard. Setting a strict policy reduces the attack surface and limits what embedded third parties can do. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Permissions-Policy

Offenders
warn(0)Set a referrer-policy header to make sure you do not leak user information.referrerPolicyHeader

Set a referrer-policy header to make sure you do not leak user information.

Referrer Policy is a new header that allows a site to control how much information the browser includes with navigations away from a document and should be set by all sites. https://scotthelme.co.uk/a-new-security-header-referrer-policy/.

Offenders
warn(30)Use a strict Content-Security-Policy header to mitigate cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.contentSecurityPolicyHeader

The policy allows 'unsafe-inline', which lets the browser execute inline scripts and styles directly from the page. Move to nonces or hashes plus 'strict-dynamic' so that inline injection cannot run. The policy allows 'unsafe-eval', which lets the page call eval() and Function(). Almost no application needs this; remove it.

A Content-Security-Policy response header tells the browser which sources of script, style, and other content are allowed. The most effective form is a strict CSP using nonces or hashes together with strict-dynamic; the worst is a missing header, with unsafe-inline and unsafe-eval close behind. https://web.dev/articles/strict-csp

Page info

A snapshot of what the browser actually built for this page: the document, how big and deep the DOM tree is and what it kept in storage. Big, deep trees are slower to style and lay out, so the counts Chrome warns about carry a flag.

Page info

Document

What the page says it is and how large it rendered.

TitleBarack Obama - WikipediaThe document title, shown in the browser tab and used by search results.
GeneratorMediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.12The tool or CMS that generated the HTML, from the page generator meta tag.
Layout viewport1904 × 32331 pxThe width the page laid out at, and the full height of the rendered document.

DOM structure

How much markup the browser has to build, style and lay out.

DOM elements22,532Very large, slows layout and styleTotal HTML elements. Fewer means less for the browser to style, lay out and paint.
Avg DOM depth19How deeply elements are nested on average.
Max DOM depth34Very deep treeThe deepest nesting on the page. Deep branches cost more style recalculation.
Iframes0No embedded documents on this page.
Script tags5Number of script elements. More scripts usually means more main-thread work.

Storage and connection

What the page stored on the client, and the network it was tested on.

Local storage1.1 MBData the page saved in localStorage, kept across visits.
Session storage0 bData kept in sessionStorage for this tab session only.
Connection type3GWhat the Network Information API reported for the test connection.

Resource hints

2 hints
dns-prefetch
  • https://meta.wikimedia.org/
preconnect
  • https://upload.wikimedia.org/

Technologies used to build the page

Data collected using Coach-core version 9.2.1. With updated code from Webappanalyzer 2026-05-04. Use --browsertime.firefox.includeResponseBodies html or --browsertime.chrome.includeResponseBodies html to help Wappalyzer find more information about technologies used.

Detected technologies

3 technologies
  • MediaWikiConfidence100
    Wikis
  • PHPConfidence100
    Programming languages
  • HSTSConfidence100
    Security

Visual Metrics

Visual milestones

all times from navigation start
Speed Index1.91 show quickly the page looked done
First Visual Change1.90 sfirst paint reaches the screen
Last Visual Change2.43 sscreen stops changing · 0.53 s after first
nothing painted yet
≥95% rendered
First Visual Change · Visual Complete 85% · Visual Complete 95%1.90 s
Visual Complete 99% · Last Visual Change2.43 s
Visual Readiness0.53 s· first to last change
00.5 s1.0 s1.5 s2.0 s
Visual progress
Visual progress at 0 s0.0s
Visual progress at 0.8 s0.8s
Visual progress at 1.9 s1.9s
Visual progress at 2 s2.0s
Visual progress at 2.1 s2.1s
Visual progress at 2.2 s2.2s
Visual progress at 2.4 s2.4s
Visual progress at 2.5 s2.5s
FCP1.90s
LCP1.90s
VC851.90s
Long tasks
0.0s0.5s1.0s1.5s2.0s2.5s

Google Web Vitals

494 msTTFB
Good
1.896 sFCP
Needs improvement

Largest Contentful Paint

When the page main content is rendered, collected via the Largest Contentful Paint API. Read more about Largest Contentful Paint.

1.896 sLCP render time

Phase breakdown

  • TTFB494 ms
  • Resource load delay0 ms
  • Resource load duration0 ms
  • Element render delay1.402 s

Element

Element type
<p>
Element id
mwMg
Size (w × h)
165240
Load time
0 ms
Style recalculation before LCP
21 recalculations touching 15633 elements (247.17 ms) — the largest touched 15559 elements (243.64 ms)

DOM path

body > div:eq(2) > div > div:eq(2) > main#content > div#bodyContent > div#mw-content-text > div:eq(1) > section#mwAQ > p#mwMg
LCP

The LCP element is highlighted in the screenshot. If nothing is highlighted the element was removed before the screenshot or the LCP API couldn't find it.

Cumulative Layout Shift

How much the page's content shifts as it loads, collected via the Cumulative Layout Shift API.

0.001cumulative layout shift score

One shift is 51% of your 0.001 CLS. div#p-wikibase-otherprojects moved at 2.044 s. Reserve space for whatever renders into that spot, a fixed height or an aspect-ratio box, so later content stops pushing the page around.

Elements that shifted

Worst first, showing shifts of 0.01 and up. Each percentage is that shift's exact share of the score.

The shift is spread across many movements below 0.01, none large enough to single out. Check the video or filmstrip to see what moved.

Layout shift

Elements that shifted by more than 0.01 are highlighted in the screenshot. If an element shifted outside the viewport, it won't appear here. Check the video or filmstrip to see the shift.

Browser Metrics

Navigation Timing
Extra timings
User Timing marks
mwStartup762 ms

Server timings

Timing data the server chose to expose through Server-Timing response headers on the main document — typically backend time, cache status or experiment flags.

Server timings

2 entries
NameDurationDescription
WMF-Uniq0 mswe-1-8-account-creation-no-desktop-benefits=treatment;
co_id0 ms1695832762

Custom metrics collected through JavaScript

There are no custom configured scripts.

Extra metrics collected using scripting

There are no custom extra metrics from scripting.

Chrome internal metrics (CDP)33
Audio handlers0
Audio worklet processors0
Documents71
Frames69
JS event listeners2071
Layout objects26362
Media key sessions0
Media keys0
Nodes51722
Resources169
Context lifecycle state observers132
V8 per context datas2
Worker global scopes0
Uacss resources9
Rtc peer connections0
Resource fetchers71
Ad subframes0
Detached script states0
Array buffer contents0
Layout count11
Recalc style count53
Layout duration224
Recalc style duration423
Dev tools command duration151
Script duration320
V8 compile duration1
Task duration1828
Task other duration708
Thread time2
Process time8
JS heap used size12980140
JS heap total size13557760
First meaningful paint1893
Visual Elements3
LargestImage250px-President_Barack_Obama.jpg
Display time1.900 s
Position (x, y)1318, 392
Size (w × h)250 × 312
HTML snippet
<img alt="Obama standing in the Oval Office with his arms folded and smiling" resource="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:President_Barack_Obama.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/President_Barack_Obama.jpg/250px-President_Barack_Obama.jpg" decoding="async" data-file-width="2687" data-file-height="3356" data-file-type="bitmap" height="312" width="250" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/President_Barack_Obama.jpg/500px-President_Barack_Obama.jpg 2x" class="mw-file-element mw-file-upright" style="--mw-file-upright: 1">
Heading
Display time1.900 s
Position (x, y)324, 206
Size (w × h)1104 × 40
HTML snippet
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"></h1>
LargestContentfulPaint
Display time1.900 s
Position (x, y)324, 602
Size (w × h)1256 × 176
HTML snippet
<p id="mwMg"></p>

PageXray

How the page is built.

HTTP versionHTTP/2.0
Total requests65
Total domains2
Transfer size1.1 MB
Content size3.6 MB
Missing compression0
Cookies310 third-party

Main document

status 200 · 0 redirects

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama

HeaderValue
accept-ch
accept-rangesbytes
age2
cache-controlprivate, s-maxage=0, max-age=0, must-revalidate, no-transform
content-encodinggzip
content-languageen
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dateTue, 28 Jul 2026 02:43:45 GMT
expiresThu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT
last-modifiedTue, 28 Jul 2026 02:43:05 GMT
nel{ "report_to": "wm_nel", "max_age": 604800, "failure_fraction": 0.05, "success_fraction": 0.0}
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reporting-endpointscsp-report-to-endpoint='/w/api.php?action=cspreport&format=json';
servermw-web.eqiad.main-5fc9744499-82qmx
server-timingWMF-Uniq;desc="we-1-8-account-creation-no-desktop-benefits=treatment;",co_id;desc="1695832762"
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x-request-idd8230344-0681-4185-a9d4-e2775ab8e621

Response codes

200
6498.5%
202
11.5%

Requests and sizes per content type

6 types

Transfer size1.1 MB

  • image51.1%
  • html37.7%
  • javascript6.6%
  • css3.1%
  • svg1.4%
  • plain0.08%

Content size3.6 MB

  • html72.8%
  • image12.8%
  • css7.8%
  • javascript6.5%
  • svg0.15%

Requests65

  • image76.9%
  • svg16.9%
  • html1.5%
  • css1.5%
  • javascript1.5%
  • plain1.5%
ContentHeader SizeTransfer SizeContent SizeRequests
html0 b408.5 KB2.6 MB1
css0 b33.1 KB282.2 KB1
javascript0 b72.0 KB237.6 KB1
image0 b554.5 KB466.6 KB50
svg0 b15.4 KB5.5 KB11
plain0 b924 B0 b1
Total0 b1.1 MB3.6 MB65

Data per domain

2 domains
DomainTotal download timeTransfer SizeContent SizeRequests
en.wikipedia.org4.128 s523.4 KB3.1 MB12
upload.wikimedia.org34.234 s560.8 KB469.6 KB53

Expires & last-modified statistics

typeminmedianmax
Expires0 seconds0 seconds1 year
Last modified40 seconds10 weeks10 years

Requests loaded after onLoad event

1 request

Includes requests done after load event end.

ContentTransfer SizeRequests
html0 b0
css0 b0
javascript0 b0
image0 b0
font0 b0
favicon0 b0
plain924 B1
Total924 B1

Requests loaded after onContentLoad

5 requests

Includes requests done after DOM content loaded.

ContentTransfer SizeRequests
html0 b0
css0 b0
javascript0 b0
image0 b0
font0 b0
favicon0 b0
svg4.6 KB4
plain924 B1
Total5.5 KB5

CPU

load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements] is responsible for 67% of blocking time
93 ms of 139 ms total. Defer it, replace it with a lighter alternative, or move its work off the main thread to recover most of your TBT.

Long tasks

Tasks ≥ 50 ms blocking the main thread, collected via the Long Task API.

TBT94 ms
Max potential input delay102 ms
Total long tasks6
Total time813 ms
Last task at2.425 s
Before first paint469 ms1 task
Before FCP469 ms1 task
Before LCP469 ms1 task
After load88 ms1 task

Long Animation Frames

A long animation frame (LOAF) is a frame that took ≥ 50 ms from input to the next paint. The part beyond the threshold is blocking time, the number that hurts Interaction to Next Paint and Total Blocking Time. Break long tasks up (scheduler.yield(), smaller chunks) or move the work off the main thread. Read more about the Long Animation Frames API.

Long animation frames6every frame ≥ 50 ms
Blocking time594.1 msacross all long frames — what hurts INP and TBT
Forced style & layout17.2 msscripts reading layout mid-frame
Blocking before LCP420.5 msdelaying the largest paint — fix these first
Blocking after load41.6 msafter the load event — didn't delay page load

What to fix first

ScriptFramesTime runningBlocking (share by run time)Forced style & layoutTriggered by
load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements]3159.5 ms92.7 mstimer or animation callback
load.php[startup]2115.3 ms46 ms17.2 msscript tag, timer or animation callback

A frame's blocking time is split between its scripts by their share of the frame's work, capped at each script's own run time — blocking from work no script owns (HTML parsing, browser internals) stays unattributed. The per-script blocking view below uses the same attribution.

Long animation frame #1 · 1.308 sat 504.6 ms · before LCP
blocking 420.5 ms
  • Scripts & other work871.5 ms
  • Animation callbacks14.3 ms
  • Style & layout422.5 ms
  • Render0 ms
4 scripts ran during this frame
Ran for
11.9 ms
How it started
script tag
Ran for
18.7 ms
Started by
IdleRequestCallback
How it started
timer or animation callback
Position in source
character 14415 into the file (locate it via DevTools → Performance → the Long Animation Frames track)
Ran for
30 ms
Started by
IdleRequestCallback
How it started
timer or animation callback
Source function
doPropagation
Position in source
character 4314 into the file (locate it via DevTools → Performance → the Long Animation Frames track)
Ran for
14.1 ms
Started by
FrameRequestCallback
How it started
timer or animation callback
Source function
flushCssBuffer
Position in source
character 3240 into the file (locate it via DevTools → Performance → the Long Animation Frames track)
Long animation frame #2 · 175.4 msat 2.061 s · before load
blocking 98.2 ms
  • Scripts & other work129.7 ms
  • Animation callbacks0.1 ms
  • Style & layout45.6 ms
  • Render0 ms
1 script ran during this frame
Ran for
102.6 ms
Started by
TimerHandler:setTimeout
How it started
timer or animation callback
Position in source
character 81925 into the file (locate it via DevTools → Performance → the Long Animation Frames track)
Long animation frame #3 · 102.1 msat 2.409 s · after load
blocking 41.6 ms
  • Scripts & other work16.2 ms
  • Animation callbacks0.2 ms
  • Style & layout85.7 ms
  • Render0 ms
1 script ran during this frame
Ran for
5.7 ms
Started by
TimerHandler:setTimeout
How it started
timer or animation callback
Position in source
character 81925 into the file (locate it via DevTools → Performance → the Long Animation Frames track)
Long animation frame #4 · 151.3 msat 2.241 s · before load
blocking 23.5 ms
  • Scripts & other work129.1 ms
  • Animation callbacks3.3 ms
  • Style & layout18.9 ms
  • Render0 ms
1 script ran during this frame
Ran for
51.2 ms
Started by
TimerHandler:setTimeout
How it started
timer or animation callback
Position in source
character 81925 into the file (locate it via DevTools → Performance → the Long Animation Frames track)
Long animation frame #5 · 78.6 msat 1.965 s · before load
blocking 10.3 ms
  • Scripts & other work41.8 ms
  • Animation callbacks29.3 ms
  • Style & layout7.5 ms
  • Render0 ms
2 scripts ran during this frame · forced style & layout 17.2 ms
Ran for
11.4 ms
Started by
IdleRequestCallback
How it started
timer or animation callback
Source function
doPropagation
Position in source
character 4314 into the file (locate it via DevTools → Performance → the Long Animation Frames track)
Ran for
29.2 ms
Forced style and layout
17.2 ms
Started by
FrameRequestCallback
How it started
timer or animation callback
Source function
flushCssBuffer
Position in source
character 3240 into the file (locate it via DevTools → Performance → the Long Animation Frames track)

1 more long frame carried no blocking time (nothing ran past the 50 ms threshold) — long, but harmless to INP and TBT.

Blocking time per script (browser-reported)

How much each script blocked the main thread, derived from the Long Animation Frame API. Each frame's blocking time is split between its scripts by their share of the frame's work, capped at each script's own run time — blocking from work no script owns (HTML parsing, browser internals) is not attributed (older data credits the script that started the frame). The closest answer to "which script should I fix to improve TBT" the platform exposes.

Top scripts blocking the main thread

2 of 2 scripts
load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements]
93 ms · 3 frames · worst 78 ms
load.php[startup]
46 ms · 6 frames · worst 14 ms

Blocking time per script (trace)

Total Blocking Time attributed per script from the Chrome trace: every main-thread task longer than 50 ms blocks input for the remainder, and each blocking task is credited to the script whose own code ran the longest during that task.

TBT544.3 ms
Blocking tasks7
TBT before LCP421.9 ms1 task

What kind of work blocked

mostly style & layout · 544 ms total
Style & layout386.9 ms71.1%
Running JavaScript91.8 ms16.9%
Paint & composite31.2 ms5.7%
Other browser work26.2 ms4.8%
Garbage collection6.2 ms1.1%
Parsing HTML & CSS2.0 ms0.4%
Style & layout (71%): usually a large DOM, expensive CSS selectors or JavaScript forcing synchronous layout. See Forced reflows · Forced layout per script · Style invalidations (Rendering tab)
Running JavaScript (17%): the scripts responsible are listed right below. See Slowest JS functions · Timers

Top scripts blocking the main thread

3 of 3 scripts
load.php[startup]
426 ms · 2 tasks
Browser's own work (no script responsible)
65 ms · 3 tasks

Where the time went

All main-thread work during the full page load, not just the share that blocked input. Calculated from the Chrome trace.

Categories

1.771 s total
Style & layout646 ms36.5%
Running JavaScript402 ms22.7%
Other browser work (scheduling)324 ms18.3%
Parsing HTML & CSS182 ms10.3%
Paint & composite116 ms6.5%
Garbage collection99 ms5.6%
Parsing & compiling JavaScript2 ms0.1%
What do these categories mean?
Parsing HTML & CSSparseHTML
Reading the HTML and CSS and building the page structure. Grows with document size — a big server-rendered page costs more here.
Style & layoutstyleLayout
Working out which CSS rules apply and where every element goes on the page. Grows with DOM size and selector complexity.
Parsing & compiling JavaScriptscriptParseCompile
Parsing and compiling JavaScript before it can run — the cost of shipping bytes of JS, even unused ones.
Running JavaScriptscriptEvaluation
Running JavaScript: event handlers, timers, promise callbacks and script execution.
Paint & compositepaintCompositeRender
Painting pixels and assembling layers into the frames you see on screen.
Garbage collectiongarbageCollection
Reclaiming memory JavaScript no longer uses. A lot of it means allocation-heavy code.
Other browser work (scheduling)other
Chrome’s own task management: per-task overhead and thousands of sub-millisecond scheduler ticks — not page work you can attribute or optimize away. On this page 323 ms of it is this per-task bookkeeping (RunTask self time in the trace).

CPU time per script

Scripts by main-thread time

2 of 2 scripts

Slowest JS functions

The functions where main-thread JavaScript time was actually spent, sampled by Chrome's JavaScript profiler. Self time is spent in the function itself; total time includes the functions it called. For loader/dispatcher functions whose total dwarfs their self time, the runs line shows the top functions and modules (up to five, ≥ 1 ms) the total was actually spent running.

Functions by self time

15 of 46 functions
FunctionWhereSelf timeTotal time
setAttributeBrowser internal (not your code)39.3 ms39.3 ms
querySelectorAllBrowser internal (not your code)35.2 ms35.2 ms
getPropertyValueBrowser internal (not your code)17.3 ms17.3 ms
indirectEvalload.php[startup]15.9 ms21.1 ms
setItemBrowser internal (not your code)11.4 ms11.4 ms
insertBeforeBrowser internal (not your code)10.0 ms10.0 ms
buildFragmentload.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements]9.4 ms10.5 ms
find
runs: querySelectorAll (29.7 ms), load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements] (1.9 ms)
load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements]8.6 ms41.8 ms
replaceChildBrowser internal (not your code)8.3 ms8.3 ms
setTimeoutBrowser internal (not your code)6.5 ms6.5 ms
runScript
runs: load.php[scripts:skins.vector.js] (27.8 ms), load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements] (8.3 ms), load.php[scripts:ext.urlShortener.toolbar] (6.0 ms), load.php[scripts:ext.wikimediaEvents] (4.5 ms), load.php[scripts:ext.popups.main] (4.1 ms)
load.php[startup]6.4 ms82.9 ms
flushWrites
runs: setItem (11.4 ms)
load.php[startup]6.2 ms18.4 ms
attr
runs: setAttribute (23.3 ms)
load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements]5.5 ms29.8 ms
requireload.php[startup]5.1 ms9.0 ms
removeAttributeBrowser internal (not your code)5.1 ms5.1 ms

Timers

How much setTimeout/setInterval work the page runs, credited to the script that scheduled each timer. Many zero-delay timers mean work sliced into a machine-gun of tiny tasks; repeating timers are polling.

Timers set62
Times fired59
Fire time184.4 ms
Zero-delay timers55
Repeating timers0
Zero-delay slicing: load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements] split work into 54 back-to-back tasks costing 183 ms. Consider batching the work or moving it to requestIdleCallback or a worker.

Timer cost by script

8 scripts
load.php[scripts:ext.cite.ux-enhancements]
171 ms · set 54 times · fired 38 times
load.php[startup]
13 ms · set 1 time · fired 15 times
load.php[scripts:mediawiki.storage]
0 ms · set 2 times · fired 4 times
load.php[scripts:ext.centralNotice.startUp]
0 ms · set 0 times · fired 2 times
load.php[scripts:ext.wikimediaEvents]
0 ms · set 2 times · fired 0 times
load.php[scripts:ext.testKitchen]
0 ms · set 1 time · fired 0 times
load.php[scripts:ext.echo.init]
0 ms · set 1 time · fired 0 times
load.php[scripts:ext.navigationTiming]
0 ms · set 1 time · fired 0 times

Forced reflows

A forced reflow happens when JavaScript reads a layout-triggering property (offsetTop, getBoundingClientRect, …) inside a handler, forcing the browser to synchronously recompute layout. The scripts below caused most of the page's reflows. Fix them in priority order.

Scripts causing reflows

2 reflows ≥ 2 ms across 2 scripts
load.php[startup]
17 ms · 1 reflow · worst 17 ms
load.php[scripts:skins.vector.js]
2 ms · 1 reflow · worst 2 ms

Forced layout per script

Each long animation frame reports how much time each script spent forcing synchronous style and layout, i.e. JavaScript reading layout-triggering properties mid-execution. Same actionable answer as forced reflows above but measured directly by the browser instead of inferred from the trace.

Scripts forcing layout

1 of 1 script
load.php[startup]
17 ms · across 1 frame

First vs third party CPU time

Main-thread CPU time from the Chrome trace split by domain. First party is wikipedia.org.

First party352 ms
Third party0 ms
Domains1

Non-composited animations

Animations that fell back from the compositor to the main thread, blocking each frame instead of running on the GPU.

Each chip below is a CSS property the page tried to animate that Chrome couldn't hand to the compositor. Swap it for a transform or opacity equivalent where you can.

Properties to fix

2 properties · 9 animations
  • max-height
  • top

Want to dig deeper? Download the Chrome trace and drag-and-drop it into Performance in DevTools.